This component models a standard IEEE type exciter. All input parameters are either entered in seconds (time constants) or per-unit (all other inputs). The various external inputs and outputs described below:
Inputs:
Ef0: This input defines the output field voltage to the machine during the initialization period. Ef0 can be either defined by the user or can be defined from within the attached synchronous machine (through a Wire).
[VT/IT]: This input is a 3-element array and receives its data from the attached synchronous machine (provided that the machine is set to output this data). VT is the RMS terminal voltage. IT is the synchronous machine terminal current and is complex (i.e. has a real and imaginary component). The real component of IT is in phase with VT and the imaginary component of IT is in quadrature (lagging is positive) with VT.
VS: This input is provided only when using the exciter with a power system stabilizer.
Vref: This input defines the voltage reference for the synchronous machine terminals. The value can be derived from a number of different components, which might include a slider, a real constant component or some other signal [pu].
Outputs:
Ef: This output is the computed field voltage applied directly to synchronous machine. A Wire may be used to make the connection.
Vref0: This output is the initialized value of the reference voltage Vref and can be applied at the users discretion.
More: |
Name for Identification |
Text |
Optional text parameter for identification of the component. |
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AC Exciter Type |
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Choice |
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Select AC1A, AC2A, AC3A, AC4A, AC5A, AC6A, AC7B or AC8B as described in AC Exciter Transfer Functions |
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Exciter Status => 0-Initialize;1-Normal |
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INTEGER |
Variable |
A variable name can be used. This variable can come from Output Variables for Controller Initialization section of the Synchronous Machine input parameters |
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Output Internally Computed Initial Vref? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Load Compensating Resistance (Rc) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter the load compensating resistance. See Load Compensation for more details [pu] |
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Load Compensating Reactance (Xc) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter the load compensating reactance. See Load Compensation for more details [pu] |
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Transducer Time Constant (Tr) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter the transducer time constant. See Load Compensation for more details [s] |
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Is There a Stabilizer? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
AC1A: Forward Path ParametersAC1A: Forward Path Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Lead Time Constant (TC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lead time constant [s] |
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Lag Time Constant (TB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lag time constant [s] |
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Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Min Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Over Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Maximum Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Minimum Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
AC1A: Exciter ParametersAC1A: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Rate Feedback Gain (KF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback gain [pu] |
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Rate Feedback Time Constant (TF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback time constant [s] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Demagnetizing factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Saturation at VE1 (SE(VE1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (VE1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at VE2 (SE(VE2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (VE2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
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Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
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Over Excitation Limiter Input (VOEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the over excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC2A: Forward Path ParametersAC2A: Forward Path Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Lead Time Constant (TC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lead time constant [s] |
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Lag Time Constant (TB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lag time constant [s] |
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Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Min Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Second Stage Regulator Gain (KB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the second stage regulator gain [pu] |
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Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Over Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Maximum Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Minimum Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
AC2A: Exciter ParametersAC2A: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Rate Feedback Gain (KF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback gain [pu] |
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Rate Feedback Time Constant (TF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback time constant [s] |
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Field Current Feedback Gain (KH) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current feedback gain [pu] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Field Current Limit (VFEMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current limit [pu] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Demagnetizing factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Saturation at VE1 (SE(VE1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (VE1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at VE2 (SE(VE2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (VE2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
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Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
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Over Excitation Limiter Input (VOEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the over excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC3A: Forward Path ParametersAC3A: Forward Path Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Lead Time Constant (TC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lead time constant [s] |
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Lag Time Constant (TB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lag time constant [s] |
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Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Min Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Reg.& Alternator Field Supply Const (KR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator and alternator field supply constant [pu] |
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Field Limiter Loop Reference (VLV) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field limiter loop reference [pu] |
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Field Limiter loop Gain (KLV) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field limiter loop gain [pu] |
AC3A: Exciter ParametersAC3A: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Rate Feedback Gain below EFDN (KF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback gain below EFDN [pu] |
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Rate Feedback Gain above EFDN (KN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback gain above EFDN [pu] |
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Efd Value at which KF Changes (EFDN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the Efd at which KF changes [pu] |
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Rate Feedback Time Constant (TF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback time constant [s] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Field Current Limit (VFEMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current limit [pu] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Demagnetizing factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Saturation at VE1 (SE(VE1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (VE1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at VE2 (SE(VE2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (VE2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
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Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC4A: Regulator ConstantsAC4A: Regulator Constants
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Upper Limit on Error Signal (VIMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for upper limit on error signal [pu] |
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Lower Limit on Error Signal (VIMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for lower limit on error signal [pu] |
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Lead Time Constant (TC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lead time constant [s] |
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Lag Time Constant (TB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lag time constant [s] |
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Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Regulator Integral Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator integral gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Min Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
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Rectifier Loading Factor (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rectifier loading factor [pu] |
AC4A: Other SignalsAC4A: Other Signals
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC5A: Regulator ConstantsAC5A: Regulator Constants
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Min Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
AC5A: Exciter ParametersAC5A: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Minimum Exciter Output (EFDMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum exciter output [pu] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Saturation at Efd1 (SE(Efd1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at Efd1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (Efd1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at Efd2 (SE(Efd2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at Efd2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (Efd2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
AC5A: Feedback ParametersAC5A: Feedback Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Rate Feedback Gain (KF) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback gain [pu] |
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Rate Feedback Time Constant (TF1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the rate feedback time constant [s] |
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Feedback Lag-Time Constant (TF2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the feedback lag-time constant [s] |
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Feedback Lead-Time Constant (TF3) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the feedback lead-time constant [s] |
AC6A: Forward Path ParametersAC6A: Forward Path Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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First Lead Time Constant (TK) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the first lead time constant [s] |
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First Lag Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the first lag time constant [s] |
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Second Lead Time Constant (TC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the second lead time constant [s] |
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Second Lag Time Constant (TB) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the second lag time constant [s] |
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Max Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Min Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Maximum Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Minimum Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
AC6A: Exciter ParametersAC6A: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Exciter Time Constant (TE |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Demagnetizing factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Saturation at VE1 (SE(VE1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (VE1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at VE2 (SE(VE2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (VE2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Field Current Ref. (VFELIM) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter field current reference [pu] |
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Field Current Feedback Gain (KH) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current feedback gain [pu] |
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Exciter Field Current Limit (VHMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter field current limit [pu] |
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Exciter Field Limiter Lag Time (TH) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter field limiter lag time [s] |
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Exciter Field Limiter Lead Time (TJ) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter field limiter lead time [s] |
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Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC7B: Forward Path ParametersAC7B: Forward Path Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Under Exc. Limit Input Signal? |
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Choice |
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Select Yes or No |
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Regulator Proportional Gain (KPR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator proportional gain [pu] |
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Regulator Integral Gain (KIR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator integral gain [pu] |
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Regulator Derivative Gain (KDR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator derivative gain [pu] |
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Maximum Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Minimum Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
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Inner PI Proportional Gain (KPA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the inner PI proportional gain [pu] |
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Inner PI Integral Gain (KIA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the inner PI integral gain [pu] |
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Max Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Min Reg. Internal Voltage (VAMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator internal voltage [pu] |
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Regulator Multiplying Constant (KP) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator multiplying constant [pu] |
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Field Limiter Loop Reference (VLV) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field limiter loop reference [pu] |
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Lower Limit Multiplying Constant (KL) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the lower limit multiplying constant [pu] |
AC7B: Exciter ParametersAC7B: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Field Current Limit (VFEMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current limit [pu] |
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Saturation at VE1 (SE(VE1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (VE1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at VE2 (SE(VE2)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at VE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (VE2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Demagnetizing factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Feedback Gain (KF1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the feedback gain [pu] |
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Feedback Gain (KF2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the feedback gain [pu] |
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Feedback Derivative Gain (KF3) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the feedback derivative gain [pu] |
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Under Excitation Limiter Input (VUEL) |
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REAL |
Variable |
Enter a value for the under excitation limiter input [pu] |
AC8B: Regulator ConstantsAC8B: Regulator Constants
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Select the appropriate IEEE Std 421.5 |
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Choice |
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Select 1992 addendum or 2005 |
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PID Proportional Gain (KPR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the PID proportional gain [pu] |
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PID Integral Gain (KIR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the PID integral gain [pu] |
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PID Derivative Gain (KDR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the PID derivative gain [pu] |
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PID Derivative Time Constant (TDR) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the PID derivative time constant [s] |
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Regulator Gain (KA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator gain [pu] |
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Regulator Time Constant (TA) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the regulator time constant [s] |
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Max Regulator Output (VRMAX) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the maximum regulator output [pu] |
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Min Regulator Output (VRMIN) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the minimum regulator output [pu] |
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Field Limiter Loop Reference (VLV) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field limiter loop reference [pu] |
AC8B: Exciter ParametersAC8B: Exciter Parameters
NOTE: See AC Exciter Transfer Functions for more details.
Field Current Limit (VFEMAX) |
|
REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field current limit [pu] |
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Exciter Time Constant (TE) |
|
REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter time constant [s] |
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Exct. Constant Related to Field (KE) |
|
REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter constant related to field [pu] |
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Field Circuit Commutating Reactance (KC) |
|
REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the field circuit commutating reactance [pu] |
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Demagnetizing Factor (KD) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the demagnetizing factor [pu] |
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Saturation at Efd1 (SE(Efd1)) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at Efd1 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE1 (Efd1) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE1 [pu] |
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Saturation at Efd2 (SE(Efd2)) |
|
REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the saturation at Efd2 [pu] |
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Exciter Voltage for SE2 (Efd2) |
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REAL |
Constant |
Enter a value for the exciter voltage at SE2 [pu] |