Static Exciters (2016)

This component models a set of IEEE Standard 421.5-2016 static exciter models. Models included are ST1C, ST2C, ST3C, ST4C, ST5C, ST6C, ST7C, ST8C, ST9C and ST10C. According to the standard, ST1A, ST2A, ST3A, AC4B, ST5B, ST6B and ST7B, introduced in the older revisions of the standard, may be replaced with the newer models (with appropriate new parameter selection, which are included in the new component).

The models provide a continuous DC current for the synchronous machine field winding, using closed-loop control to maintain its terminal voltage. A DC generator-called exciter supplies such current based on solid-state components. The main theories behind this model are introduced in IEEE Standard 421.5-2016.

The main objectives of an excitation system based on its application are as follows:

Input Parameters

Name	Text		Optional text parameter for identification of the component.

Static Exciter Type	Choice		Select ST1C, ST2C, ST3C, ST4C, ST5C, ST6C, ST7C, ST8C, ST9C or ST10C as described in Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016).

Exciter Status => 0-Initialize;1-Normal	INTEGER	Variable	A variable name can be used. This variable can come from Output Variables for Controller Initialization section of the Synchronous Machine input parameters

Output Internally Computed Initial Vref?	Choice		Select Yes or No

Load Compensating Resistance (Rc)	REAL	Constant	Enter the load compensating resistance. See Load Compensation for more details [pu]

Load Compensating Reactance (Xc)	REAL	Constant	Enter the load compensating reactance. See Load Compensation for more details [pu]

Transducer Time Constant (Tr)	REAL	Constant	Enter the transducer time constant. See Load Compensation for more details [s]

Is There a Stabilizer?	Choice		Select Yes or No

Under Excitation Limit Input Signal?	Choice		Select None, Summation, Regulator Input or Inner-loop Output.

Over Excitation Limit Input Signal?	Choice		Select None, Summation, Regulator Input or Inner-loop Output.

Under Excitation Stator Current Limiter Signal?	Choice		Select None, Summation, Regulator Input or Inner-loop Output.

Over Excitation Stator Current Limiter Signal?	Choice		Select None, Regulator Input or Inner-loop Output.

Under Excitation Limiter Input [VUEL]	REAL	Variable	[pu].

Over Excitation Limiter Input [VOEL]	REAL	Variable	[pu].

Stator Current Limiter Input [VSCLu]	REAL	Variable	[pu].

Stator Current Limiter Input [VSCLo]	REAL	Variable	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Stabilizer Input Signal?	Choice		Select On Regulator or On Exciter.

1st Lead Time Constant [TC]	REAL	Constant	[s].

1st Lag Time Constant [TB]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lead Time Constant [TC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lag Time Constant [TB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Rate Feedback Gain [KF]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rate Feedback Time Constant [TF]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Gain [KA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Regulator Output [VAMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VAMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Exciter Output Current Limit Reference [ILR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Exciter Output Current Limit Gain [KLR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Field Voltage [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Field Voltage [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Exciter Voltage Supply	Choice		Select Bus Fed or Independent

Field Current Commutating Impedance [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Upper Limit on Error Signal [VIMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Lower Limit on Error Signal [VIMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Rate Feedback Gain [KF]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rate Feedback Time Constant [TF]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Gain [KA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Regulator Output [VAMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VAMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Voltage Regulator Proportional Gain [KPR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Voltage Regulator Integral Gain [KIR]	REAL	Constant	[pu/s].

Maximum PI Output [VPIMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum PI Output [VPIMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Exciter Time Constant [TE]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Exciter Constant Related to Field [KE]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Max Exciter Output Voltage [EFDMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [KP]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current. Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Reactance Associated with Potential Source [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Potential Circuit Phase Angle [ThetaP]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Maximum Available Exciter Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Upper Limit on Error Signal [VIMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Lower Limit on Error Signal [VIMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Voltage Regulator Proportional Gain [KPR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Voltage Regulator Integral Gain [KIR]	REAL	Constant	[pu/s].

Maximum PI Output [VPIMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum PI Output [VPIMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Lead Time Constant [TC]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Lag Time Constant [TB]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Gain [KA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Regulator Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Field Inner Loop Time Constant [TM]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Field Inner Loop Gain Constant [KM]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Maximum Output [VMMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Minimum Output [VMMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Feedback Gain [KG]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Feedback Maximum [VGMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Exciter Output Voltage [EFDMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Magnitude of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [\|KP\|]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Angle of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [THETA_p]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Potential Source Reactance [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Available Exciter Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Stabilizer Input Signal?	Choice		Select Before Take-over or After Take-over.

Regulator Proportional Gain [KPR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Integral Gain [KIR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Regulator Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Inner Loop Proportional Gain [KPM]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Inner Loop Integral Gain [KIM]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Max Output [VMMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Min Output [VMMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Exciter Output [VAMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Exciter Output [VAMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Feedback Gain [KG]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Feedback Time Constant [TG]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Field Inner Loop Feedback Voltage [VGMAX]	REAL	Constant	[s].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

Magnitude of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [\|KP\|]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Angle of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [THETA_p]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Potential Source Reactance [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Exciter Available Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

1st Lead Time Constant [TC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

1st Lag Time Constant [TB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lead Time Constant [TC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lag Time Constant [TB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 1st Lead Time Constant [TUC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 1st Lag Time Constant [TUB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 2nd Lead Time Constant [TUC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 2nd Lag Time Constant [TUB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 1st Lead Time Constant [TOC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 1st Lag Time Constant [TOB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 2nd Lead Time Constant [TOC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 2nd Lag Time Constant [TOB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Gain [KR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [T1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Maximum Field Voltage [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Field Voltage [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Exciter Voltage Supply	Choice		Select Bus Fed or Independent

Field Current Commutating Impedance [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Regulator Proportional Gain [KPA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Integral Gain [KIA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Regulator Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Field Inner Loop Maximum Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Minimum Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Feedback Gain [KG]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Inner Loop Time Constant [TG]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Pre-control Gain Constant [KFF]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Forward Gain Constant [KM]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Current Limit Ref. [ILR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Current Limit Adjustment [KCI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Current Limit Gain [KLR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Thyristor Bridge Equivalent Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Rectifier Maximum Output [VMMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Minimum Output [VMMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

Magnitude of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [\|KP\|]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Angle of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [THETA]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Potential Source Reactance [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Exciter Available Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Regulator Proportional Gain [KPA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Voltage Output [VMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Voltage Output [VMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Lead Time Constant [TC]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Lag Time Constant [TB]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Regulator Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Exciter Lead Time Constant [TG]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Exciter Lag Time Constant [TF]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Low Band Gain [KL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

High Band Gain [KH]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Feedback Gain [KIA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Feedback Time Constant [TIA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Thyristor Bridge Equivalent Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Name for VFB Signal	Text		Enter a name for the VFB signal.

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Voltage Regulator Proportional Gain [KPR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Voltage Regulator Integral Gain [KIR]	REAL	Constant	[pu/s].

Maximum Voltage Regulator Output [VPIMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Voltage Regulator Output [VPIMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Current Regulator Proportional Gain [KPA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Current Regulator Integral Gain [KIA]	REAL	Constant	[pu/s].

Maximum Field Current Regulator Output [VAMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Field Current Regulator Output [VAMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Equivalent Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Rectifier Bridge Regulator Output [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Rectifier Bridge Regulator Output [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Exciter Field Current Feedback Gain [KF]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Current Feedback Time Constant [TF]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

Magnitude of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [\|KP\|]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Angle of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [THETA]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Potential Source Reactance [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC1]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI1]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Exciter Available Voltage [VBMAX1]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC2]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI2]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Exciter Available Voltage [VBMAX2]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Regulator Differential Time Constant [TCD]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Differential Filter Time Constant [TBD]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Differential Deadband [ZA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Gain [KA]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

UEL Takeover Activation Gain [KU]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [TA]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation Limiter Time Constant [TAUEL]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Maximum Regulator Output [VAMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Regulator Output [VAMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Power Converter Gain [KAS]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Power Converter Time Constant [TAS]	REAL	Constant	[s].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [KP]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Potential Circuit Phase Angle [ThetaP]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Reactance Associated with Potential Source [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

Rectifier Loading Factor [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Available Exciter Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Stabilizer Input Signal?	Choice		Select Voltage Error Summation, Voltage Error Takeover or AVR Output.

1st Lead Time Constant [TC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

1st Lag Time Constant [TB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lead Time Constant [TC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

2nd Lag Time Constant [TB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 1st Lead Time Constant [TUC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 1st Lag Time Constant [TUB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 2nd Lead Time Constant [TUC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Underexcitation: 2nd Lag Time Constant [TUB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 1st Lead Time Constant [TOC1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 1st Lag Time Constant [TOB1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 2nd Lead Time Constant [TOC2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Overexcitation: 2nd Lag Time Constant [TOB2]	REAL	Constant	[s].

Regulator Gain [KR]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Regulator Time Constant [T1]	REAL	Constant	[s].

NOTE: See Static Exciter Transfer Functions (2016) for more details.

Maximum Field Voltage [VRMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum Field Voltage [VRMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum PSS Regulator Output [VRSMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Minimum PSS Regulator Output [VRSMIN]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Field Current Commutating Impedance [KC]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Power Source Selector 1 [SW1]	Choice		Select A or B.

Magnitude of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [\|KP\|]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Angle of Compounding Circuit Voltage Multiplier [THETA]	REAL	Constant	[deg].

Compounding Circuit Current Multiplier [KI]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Potential Source Reactance [XL]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Maximum Available Exciter Voltage [VBMAX]	REAL	Constant	[pu].

Static Exciters (2016)

Description

Input Parameters