This component models a gap-less, metal oxide surge arrester. The user may enter the I-V characteristic directly, read the I-V data from an external file, or the default characteristic (ASEA XAP-A) may be used.
This component is modelled as a nonlinear resistor, in series with a variable voltage source. The resistance of the branch is changed piece-wise linearly over the complete operating region. As the conductance changes to G1, G2, G3, etc., the series voltage source is correspondingly modified to E1, E2, E3, etc. respectively. See Switching and Nonlinear Elements for more details. Interpolation techniques are used for switching between linear pieces of the I-V characteristic for best accuracy.
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Arrester I-V Characteristic Data |
Arrester Name |
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Text |
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Just an identifier. A name should be entered here to avoid compilation warnings. |
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Arrester Voltage Rating |
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REAL |
Constant |
The arrester voltage rating. This input is used as a factor to scale the voltage axis of the arrester characteristics [kV]. |
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Number of Parallel Arrester Stacks |
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REAL |
Constant |
The number of parallel arrester stacks. This input is used as a factor to scale the current axis of the arrester characteristics. The default is 1.0, but may be increased if the energy absorbed is observed excessive for a given test. |
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Enable Non-Linear Characteristic |
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INTEGER |
Variable |
Enter 1 for complete non-linear characteristics (enable) or 0 for fixed slope (disable). To speed up the initialization process, set this value to 0 initially, and later change it to 1. The energy function is cleared when disabled. |
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I-V Characteristic |
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Choice |
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Select Default, User defined (table) or User defined (external data file). See Arrester I-V Characteristic Data for more details. |
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File Name |
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Text |
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Enter the name of the file containing the I-V transfer function coordinates. This input is used with Pathname to the Datafile is Given as below. This input is enabled only if I-V Characteristic | User defined (external data file) is selected. |
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Path to the Data File is Given As |
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Choice |
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Select Relative or Absolute Pathname.
Click on Relative Pathname if you are giving the File Name relative to the current working directory. Use Absolute Pathname if you are giving the File Name as an absolute path (Ex. C:\filename). This input is enabled only if I-V Characteristic | User defined (external data file) is selected. |
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Maximum Number of Points in the File |
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Integer |
Literal |
The actual number of points may be less than this number. This parameter is enabled only if I-V Characteristic | User defined (external data file) is selected. |
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Label for Current [kA] |
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Output |
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Name for arrester current [kA] |
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Label for Energy [kJoules] |
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Output |
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Name for total arrester energy [kJ] |
I-V Characteristic (Current)I-V Characteristic (Current)
NOTE: See Arrestor I-V Characteristic Data for more details
Point # - Current |
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REAL |
Constant |
The Electrical Current (I) coordinates of the user defined I-V characteristic. Up to eleven points may be entered. If less than eleven points are desired, enter 0.0 for the remaining points. This input is enabled only if I-V Characteristic | User defined (table) is selected [kA] NOTE: Do not enter the first I coordinate point as 0.0 as the default characteristic will then be used |
I-V Characteristic (Voltage)I-V Characteristic (Voltage)
NOTE: See Arrestor I-V Characteristic Data for more details
Point # - Voltage in pu |
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REAL |
Constant |
The Electrical Voltage (V) coordinates of the user defined I-V characteristic. Up to eleven points may be entered. If less than eleven points are desired, enter 0.0 for the remaining points. This input is enabled only if I-V Characteristic | User defined (table) is selected [pu] NOTE: Do not enter the first V coordinate point as 0.0 as the default characteristic will then be used |